MOSCOW, RUSSIA JANUARY 3, 2021: A female train driver is seen inside the cab of a train in the maintenance depot on Line 4 (Filyovskaya Line) of the Moscow Underground (Metro). On 1 January 2021, an order issued by Russias Ministry of Labour and Social Protection in 2019 which allows women to be employed as electric train drivers in the underground railway industry came into force. Before, women were not allowed to be employed as electric train drivers or assistant drivers in accordance with a decree issued by the Russian government in 2000 that listed physically demanding jobs and jobs with harmful or dangerous working conditions which were prohibited for women. The Moscow Underground plans to hire some 500 women as train drivers within the next five years. Vyacheslav Prokofyev/TASS (Photo by Vyacheslav ProkofyevTASS via Getty Images)
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Por primera vez en 35 años, el metro de Moscú tiene a mujeres conduciendo sus trenes. Y es que esta profesión, como otras muchas, se encontraba vetada en Rusia para las trabajadoras desde la época de la Unión Soviética al ser considerada demasiado peligrosa y nociva para ellas debido a su “exigencia física” o su “contenido dañino”.
En total, hasta 456 profesiones diferentes aparecían en la lista de oficios vetados para las mujeres en Rusia, cuya última publicación databa del 2000. Tras las numerosas protestas de los últimos años, el Ministerio de Trabajo y Protección Social decidió el pasado mes de septiembre reducir drásticamente la lista hasta las 98 profesiones. La norma entró en vigor a partir del 1 de enero.
Pese a tratarse de un importante paso en favor de la igualdad, aún queda mucho por hacer en Rusia, donde las mujeres todavía no pueden ser bomberas, mineras, conductoras de excavadoras o buzos, entre otros muchos oficios.
De las 358 profesiones en las que ahora sí pueden trabajar las mujeres en Rusia, aquí te mostramos 12 que hasta este 2021 se encontraban vetadas para ellas.
YANTAI, CHINA – OCTOBER 24: An employee works at a wheel hub assembly factory on October 24, 2020 in Yantai, Shandong Province of China. (Photo by Tang Ke/VCG via Getty Images)An employee monitors the production line of perfume bottles at the L’Oreal factory in Gauchy near Saint Quentin, northern France, on December 11, 2020. – The factory manufactures the perfumes of the L’Oreal brand. L’Oreal has 40 factories around the world. The one in Saint-Quentin, created in 1965, is the only one in the group to design aerosols. (Photo by DENIS CHARLET / AFP) (Photo by DENIS CHARLET/AFP via Getty Images)close up of alto saxophone in open case on table against widow light, copy spaceSurveyor equipment GPS system or theodolite outdoors at highway construction site. Surveyor engineering with total station
Female truck driver steering and driving truck vehicle.Crew members of fishing boat putting salmon in hold after catchSEVASTOPOL, RUSSIA – JULY 10, 2020: A P-834 patrol boat crew, signalperson sailor Yulia Kurochkina (L) and senior engine mechanic private 1st class Olga Chulkova take part in a training exercise of the Russian Navy’s first all-female crew on a P-834 patrol boat. The women have fulfilled an array of drills and will take part in the celebration of Russia’s Navy Day in Sevastopol. The crew is mentored by male officers serving on the same-class boat. Sergei Malgavko/TASS (Photo by Sergei MalgavkoTASS via Getty Images)VLADIVOSTOK, RUSSIA – NOVEMBER 22, 2020: A transmission tower stands covered with ice. On the night of November 19, the region was hit by a snowstorm along with a freezing rain. It resulted in power lines breaking down, trees and other structures collapsing under the weight of ice glaze. Yuri Smityuk/TASS (Photo by Yuri SmityukTASS via Getty Images)
